GERUND
Definition: A Gerund is the form of a verb when it acts as a noun; a gerund (often known as an -ing word) is a noun formed from a verb by adding -ing.
For example:
- Studying is good for you.
Formation: Base Form + ING
Gerunds can act as the subject or object of a main verb.
For example:
- Going to parties is fun.
- Hunting elephants is dangerous.
- Flying makes me nervous.
* Here, gerunds are subjects
- I enjoy reading.
* Here, gerund is object
Use
Certain words like adjectives, prepositions, verbs, nouns are followed by an Ing-Form.
Use after certain adjectives
Adjectives (with Prepositions) followed by the Gerund
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afraid of
angry about / at
bad at
busy
clever at
interested in
proud of
|
crazy about
disappointed about
excited about
famous for
fond of
sorry about
worried about
|
For example:
- He’s afraid of going by plane.
- I am interested in visiting the museum.
- He is clever at skateboarding.
- The girl is crazy about playing tennis.
- I'm worried about making mistakes.
Use after certain prepositions
Prepositions followed by the Gerund
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about
after
apart from
because of
before
|
by
in
instead of
on
without
|
For example:
- Before going to bed he turned off the lights.
- She avoided him by walking on the opposite side of the road.
- We arrived in Madrid after driving all night.
- He told the joke without laughing.
Use after certain verbs
Verbs followed by the Gerund
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admit
advise
allow
appreciate
avoid
suggest
understand
miss
reject
|
consider
delay
deny
dislike
enjoy
resist
imagine
permit
practise
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For example:
- I enjoy cooking.
- He admitted having driven too fast.
- Ralph is considering buying a new house.
- I delayed telling Max the news.
- They miss playing with their friends.
Use after certain nouns
Nouns with Prepositions followed by the Gerund
|
advantage of
alternative of
chance of
choice between
danger of
doubt about
experience in
fun
hope of
point in
|
idea of
interest in
opportunity of
pleasure in
problem
reason for
trouble in
use
waste of money
waste of time
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For example:
- We had problems finding our way back home.
- There's no point in waiting any longer.
- What is the advantage of farming over hunting?
- He is in doubt about buying the correct software for his computer system.
- There's a real reason for winning the contest.
Rules:
- If a verb ends with -e, it loses the last letter before adding the -ing suffix.
» Agreement
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